Thursday 29 August 2013

Life on earth

Heyo Guys..
Abhishek's back with some new kicking news about the cosmos.New evidence suggests life on Earth could have started on Mars.There is a theory that's gaining a little traction in the scientific community that suggests life on Earth could have come from Mars. Evidence in favor of this theory has been building over the last couple of decades which means we... all... (could be)... Martians.

The theory basically suggests that some 4-billion years ago, life started on Mars. A meteor then struck the planet sending little chunks of Martian rocks containing Martian life into interplanetary space. One (or more) of these rocks then fell to Earth seeding life and BOOM, here you are.

This new breed of evidence comes from the Westheimer Institute for Science and Technology located in Florida after an analysis of a Martian meteorite. Today, (August 29), Prefessor Steven Benner will reveal his findings at a geochemist summit.

On the surface, the findings are pretty simply, but they have deep ramifications. The analysis of these Martian meteorites shows the presence of highly oxidized molybdenum; a substance crucial to the early development of life. According to Professor Benner, "This form of molybdenum couldn't have been available on Earth at the time life first began, because three billion years ago the surface of the Earth had very little oxygen, but Mars did. It's yet another piece of evidence which makes it more likely life came to Earth on a Martian meteorite, rather than starting on this planet."

There are a few problems with the Earth-based abiogenists theory that Benner's research hopes to address (in favor of the Martial counterpart), the so-called "tar paradox" and the RNA-water problem.

The tar paradox, a term coined by Benner, is focused on the nature of certain organic matter. When light and energy is focused onto organic molecules, and they are left to their own devices, instead of creating life, the matter turns into a tar-like substance that's not very lifelike. Some combinations of materials are none to curve or prevent this tarring to happen; boron and molybdenum are two big names here. Both of these materials were present on Mars according to the analysis of Martian meteorites which means that Mars certainly had the ingredients for life in its early history.

The second focuses on a problem with RNA and Earth's history. Most scientists now believe that life started as RNA. They also believe that Earth's early surface was completely covered in water. As standalone fun fact, that's all fine and dandy, but when you combine the two, you get problems. Firstly, boron only forms is dry places. Currently, on Earth it's only found in the driest regions of the planet, such as Death Valley. Secondly, water is corrosive to RNA, which poses a problem when life would have started in oceans as RNA.

The "life originating on Mars" idea is certainly looking more favorable the more we know about the origins of life. One day, maybe we'll be able to proudly proclaim "Yes, I am a Martian Ape!" Either way, as Prefessor Benner so eloquently put it, "It's lucky that we ended up here nevertheless, as certainly Earth has been the better of the two planets for sustaining life. If our hypothetical Martian ancestors had remained on Mars, there might not have been a story to tell."

The theory basically suggests that some 4-billion years ago, life started on Mars. A meteor then struck the planet sending little chunks of Martian rocks containing Martian life into interplanetary space. One (or more) of these rocks then fell to Earth seeding life and BOOM, here you are.
This new breed of evidence comes from the Westheimer Institute for Science and Technology located in Florida after an analysis of a Martian meteorite. Today, (August 29), Prefessor Steven Benner will reveal his findings at a geochemist summit.
On the surface, the findings are pretty simply, but they have deep ramifications. The analysis of these Martian meteorites shows the presence of highly oxidized molybdenum; a substance crucial to the early development of life. According to Professor Benner, "This form of molybdenum couldn't have been available on Earth at the time life first began, because three billion years ago the surface of the Earth had very little oxygen, but Mars did. It's yet another piece of evidence which makes it more likely life came to Earth on a Martian meteorite, rather than starting on this planet."
There are a few problems with the Earth-based abiogenists theory that Benner's research hopes to address (in favor of the Martial counterpart), the so-called "tar paradox" and the RNA-water problem.
The tar paradox, a term coined by Benner, is focused on the nature of certain organic matter. When light and energy is focused onto organic molecules, and they are left to their own devices, instead of creating life, the matter turns into a tar-like substance that's not very lifelike. Some combinations of materials are none to curve or prevent this tarring to happen; boron and molybdenum are two big names here. Both of these materials were present on Mars according to the analysis of Martian meteorites which means that Mars certainly had the ingredients for life in its early history.
The second focuses on a problem with RNA and Earth's history. Most scientists now believe that life started as RNA. They also believe that Earth's early surface was completely covered in water. As standalone fun fact, that's all fine and dandy, but when you combine the two, you get problems. Firstly, boron only forms is dry places. Currently, on Earth it's only found in the driest regions of the planet, such as Death Valley. Secondly, water is corrosive to RNA, which poses a problem when life would have started in oceans as RNA.
The "life originating on Mars" idea is certainly looking more favorable the more we know about the origins of life. One day, maybe we'll be able to proudly proclaim "Yes, I am a Martian Ape!" Either way, as Prefessor Benner so eloquently put it, "It's lucky that we ended up here nevertheless, as certainly Earth has been the better of the two planets for sustaining life. If our hypothetical Martian ancestors had remained on Mars, there might not have been a story to tell."The theory basically suggests that some 4-billion years ago, life started on Mars. A meteor then struck the planet sending little chunks of Martian rocks containing Martian life into interplanetary space. One (or more) of these rocks then fell to Earth seeding life and BOOM, here you are.This new breed of evidence comes from the Westheimer Institute for Science and Technology located in Florida after an analysis of a Martian meteorite. Today, (August 29), Prefessor Steven Benner will reveal his findings at a geochemist summit.On the surface, the findings are pretty simply, but they have deep ramifications. The analysis of these Martian meteorites shows the presence of highly oxidized molybdenum; a substance crucial to the early development of life. According to Professor Benner, "This form of molybdenum couldn't have been available on Earth at the time life first began, because three billion years ago the surface of the Earth had very little oxygen, but Mars did. It's yet another piece of evidence which makes it more likely life came to Earth on a Martian meteorite, rather than starting on this planet."There are a few problems with the Earth-based abiogenists theory that Benner's research hopes to address (in favor of the Martial counterpart), the so-called "tar paradox" and the RNA-water problem.The tar paradox, a term coined by Benner, is focused on the nature of certain organic matter. When light and energy is focused onto organic molecules, and they are left to their own devices, instead of creating life, the matter turns into a tar-like substance that's not very lifelike. Some combinations of materials are none to curve or prevent this tarring to happen; boron and molybdenum are two big names here. Both of these materials were present on Mars according to the analysis of Martian meteorites which means that Mars certainly had the ingredients for life in its early history.The second focuses on a problem with RNA and Earth's history. Most scientists now believe that life started as RNA. They also believe that Earth's early surface was completely covered in water. As standalone fun fact, that's all fine and dandy, but when you combine the two, you get problems. Firstly, boron only forms is dry places. Currently, on Earth it's only found in the driest regions of the planet, such as Death Valley. Secondly, water is corrosive to RNA, which poses a problem when life would have started in oceans as RNA.
The "life originating on Mars" idea is certainly looking more favorable the more we know about the origins of life. One day, maybe we'll be able to proudly proclaim "Yes, I am a Martian Ape!" Either way, as Prefessor Benner so eloquently put it, "It's lucky that we ended up here nevertheless, as certainly Earth has been the better of the two planets for sustaining life. If our hypothetical Martian ancestors had remained on Mars, there might not have been a story to tell."The theory basically suggests that some 4-billion years ago, life started on Mars. A meteor then struck the planet sending little chunks of Martian rocks containing Martian life into interplanetary space. One (or more) of these rocks then fell to Earth seeding life and BOOM, here you are.This new breed of evidence comes from the Westheimer Institute for Science and Technology located in Florida after an analysis of a Martian meteorite. Today, (August 29), Prefessor Steven Benner will reveal his findings at a geochemist summit.On the surface, the findings are pretty simply, but they have deep ramifications. The analysis of these Martian meteorites shows the presence of highly oxidized molybdenum; a substance crucial to the early development of life. According to Professor Benner, "This form of molybdenum couldn't have been available on Earth at the time life first began, because three billion years ago the surface of the Earth had very little oxygen, but Mars did. It's yet another piece of evidence which makes it more likely life came to Earth on a Martian meteorite, rather than starting on this planet."There are a few problems with the Earth-based abiogenists theory that Benner's research hopes to address (in favor of the Martial counterpart), the so-called "tar paradox" and the RNA-water problem.The tar paradox, a term coined by Benner, is focused on the nature of certain organic matter. When light and energy is focused onto organic molecules, and they are left to their own devices, instead of creating life, the matter turns into a tar-like substance that's not very lifelike. Some combinations of materials are none to curve or prevent this tarring to happen; boron and molybdenum are two big names here. Both of these materials were present on Mars according to the analysis of Martian meteorites which means that Mars certainly had the ingredients for life in its early history.The second focuses on a problem with RNA and Earth's history. Most scientists now believe that life started as RNA. They also believe that Earth's early surface was completely covered in water. As standalone fun fact, that's all fine and dandy, but when you combine the two, you get problems. Firstly, boron only forms is dry places. Currently, on Earth it's only found in the driest regions of the planet, such as Death Valley. Secondly, water is corrosive to RNA, which poses a problem when life would have started in oceans as RNA.The "life originating on Mars" idea is certainly looking more favorable the more we know about the origins of life. One day, maybe we'll be able to proudly proclaim "Yes, I am a Martian Ape!" Either way, as Prefessor Benner so eloquently put it, "It's lucky that we ended up here nevertheless, as certainly Earth has been the better of the two planets for sustaining life. If our hypothetical Martian ancestors had remained on Mars, there might not have been a story to tell."The theory basically suggests that some 4-billion years ago, life started on Mars. A meteor then struck the planet sending little chunks of Martian rocks containing Martian life into interplanetary space. One (or more) of these rocks then fell to Earth seeding life and BOOM, here you are.This new breed of evidence comes from the Westheimer Institute for Science and Technology located in Florida after an analysis of a Martian meteorite. Today, (August 29), Prefessor Steven Benner will reveal his findings at a geochemist summit.On the surface, the findings are pretty simply, but they have deep ramifications. The analysis of these Martian meteorites shows the presence of highly oxidized molybdenum; a substance crucial to the early development of life. According to Professor Benner, "This form of molybdenum couldn't have been available on Earth at the time life first began, because three billion years ago the surface of the Earth had very little oxygen, but Mars did. It's yet another piece of evidence which makes it more likely life came to Earth on a Martian meteorite, rather than starting on this planet."There are a few problems with the Earth-based abiogenists theory that Benner's research hopes to address (in favor of the Martial counterpart), the so-called "tar paradox" and the RNA-water problem.The tar paradox, a term coined by Benner, is focused on the nature of certain organic matter. When light and energy is focused onto organic molecules, and they are left to their own devices, instead of creating life, the matter turns into a tar-like substance that's not very lifelike. Some combinations of materials are none to curve or prevent this tarring to happen; boron and molybdenum are two big names here. Both of these materials were present on Mars according to the analysis of Martian meteorites which means that Mars certainly had the ingredients for life in its early history.The second focuses on a problem with RNA and Earth's history. Most scientists now believe that life started as RNA. They also believe that Earth's early surface was completely covered in water. As standalone fun fact, that's all fine and dandy, but when you combine the two, you get problems. Firstly, boron only forms is dry places. Currently, on Earth it's only found in the driest regions of the planet, such as Death Valley. Secondly, water is corrosive to RNA, which poses a problem when life would have started in oceans as RNA.The "life originating on Mars" idea is certainly looking more favorable the more we know about the origins of life. One day, maybe we'll be able to proudly proclaim "Yes, I am a Martian Ape!" Either way, as Prefessor Benner so eloquently put it, "It's lucky that we ended up here nevertheless, as certainly Earth has been the better of the two planets for sustaining life. If our hypothetical Martian ancestors had remained on Mars, there might not have been a story to tell."The theory basically suggests that some 4-billion years ago, life started on Mars. A meteor then struck the planet sending little chunks of Martian rocks containing Martian life into interplanetary space. One (or more) of these rocks then fell to Earth seeding life and BOOM, here you are.This new breed of evidence comes from the Westheimer Institute for Science and Technology located in Florida after an analysis of a Martian meteorite. Today, (August 29), Prefessor Steven Benner will reveal his findings at a geochemist summit.On the surface, the findings are pretty simply, but they have deep ramifications. The analysis of these Martian meteorites shows the presence of highly oxidized molybdenum; a substance crucial to the early development of life. According to Professor Benner, "This form of molybdenum couldn't have been available on Earth at the time life first began, because three billion years ago the surface of the Earth had very little oxygen, but Mars did. It's yet another piece of evidence which makes it more likely life came to Earth on a Martian meteorite, rather than starting on this planet."There are a few problems with the Earth-based abiogenists theory that Benner's research hopes to address (in favor of the Martial counterpart), the so-called "tar paradox" and the RNA-water problem.The tar paradox, a term coined by Benner, is focused on the nature of certain organic matter. When light and energy is focused onto organic molecules, and they are left to their own devices, instead of creating life, the matter turns into a tar-like substance that's not very lifelike. Some combinations of materials are none to curve or prevent this tarring to happen; boron and molybdenum are two big names here. Both of these materials were present on Mars according to the analysis of Martian meteorites which means that Mars certainly had the ingredients for life in its early history.The second focuses on a problem with RNA and Earth's history. Most scientists now believe that life started as RNA. They also believe that Earth's early surface was completely covered in water. As standalone fun fact, that's all fine and dandy, but when you combine the two, you get problems. Firstly, boron only forms is dry places. Currently, on Earth it's only found in the driest regions of the planet, such as Death Valley. Secondly, water is corrosive to RNA, which poses a problem when life would have started in oceans as RNA.The "life originating on Mars" idea is certainly looking more favorable the more we know about the origins of life. One day, maybe we'll be able to proudly proclaim "Yes, I am a Martian Ape!" Either way, as Prefessor Benner so eloquently put it, "It's lucky that we ended up here nevertheless, as certainly Earth has been the better of the two planets for sustaining life. If our hypothetical Martian ancestors had remained on Mars, there might not have been a story to tell."

Random Facts about the Universe

Random Facts about the Universe :














Monday 26 August 2013

Planet Facts

It's Abhishek here!
How would you like learning about our Solar System?
Well, I'm gonna post a few facts about the planets in our solar system.

Let's start with the planet right next to the sun.

1)Mercury : The tiny mercury is the closest planet to the sun in our solar system.
An year in mercury is just 88 earth days. But one day in mercury is about 176 earth days.Mercury has a really slow rotation.Mercury is the smallest planet of our solar system.Even after being the smallest planet, it is the second densest planet of our solar system.Mercury is also the second hottest planet of solar system.Mercury has no natural satellites.

2)Venus : Venus, the third smallest planet is the second closest planet to our sun.Venus is the brighest planet of our solar system.Venus has no natural satellites.One day on Venus is equal to 243 days on earth.But it takes only 225 days to complete it's revolution around the sun.Venus is the only planet in our solar system for rotating counter clockwise.Venus is the hottest planet of our solar system.The atmospheric pressure of venus is 92 times greater than the atmospheric pressure of earth.

3)Earth : Our planet earth is the third planet of our solar system and currently is the only known planet to hold life.It takes 365 days for earth to complete it's revolution around the sun and 23 hours 56 mins and 4 seconds to complete it's rotation.The earth is one of the only planets of our solar system to hold water in all the three states. (Solids - Ice, Liquids - Water,Gases - Water Vapour).

4)Mars : Mars is the fourth planet of our solar system. It takes mars about 1.88 earth years to complete it's revolution ( 686 Days ). Mars is red in colour because of the presence of huge quantities of iron deposites. Mars is the home to the largest volcano of our solar system : Olympus Mons. Mars has two natural satellites.

5)Jupiter : Jupiter, the fifth planet of our solar system is the biggest planet of our planetory system.It's one of the four gas gaints. ( Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune ). They're known as gas gaints because they're mostly made of gas. Jupiter has about 67 natural satellites.Jupiter is famous for Great Red Storm or the Great Red Spot. It's a storm which is existing since around 350 years and is twice the size of earth. Jupiters moon
Ganymede is the largest moon of our solar system. Jupiter has two rings and is also the third brightest planet.

6)Saturn : Saturn's the second biggest planet of our solar system.It's famous for it's rings.The rings of saturn are actually tiny tiny ice particles gathered together.Saturn has 62 satellites.It takes around 30 years for Saturn to complete it's revolution around the sun.The surface temperature of Saturn is -139C.


7) Uranus : Uranus is the seventh planet of our solar system. It was the first planet to be discovered by a telescope.Uranus has 27 natural satellites.Surface temperature : -197C.It takes Uranus around 84 years to revolve around the sun.Uranus has 9 inner rings and 2 outer rings. Uranus is known to have the record of the minimum atmospheric temperature : -224C and is the coldest planet of our solar system.

8)Neptune : Neptune is the eight planet and is the smallest of the gas gaints. Surface Temperature : -201 C.
One year on neptune is  equal to 164 years on earth.Neptune has 14 satellites.Neptune being smaller than Uranus has a mass greater to that of Uranus.
Mercury

Venus
Earth
Mars

Saturn
Jupiter

Uranus





Neptune

*That's all for now*
*Bye,Peeps*








Difference between Asteroids,comets,meteors..

Hello and welcome back everyone!! This is Bharath kumar once again.I'm dealing now with Asteroids,meteors and Comets.Hope you enjoy it.....

Let's Start from the basics.

Asteroid

Q: What is an Asteroid??

Ans: An asteroid is a Huge rock type body present in the solar system.Dwarf planets are also considered as Asteroids.

                     Some of the asteroids have huge mass which are called as Planetoids.The first ever asteroid to be discovered by humans is CERES,which was discovered in 1801.

                                 There is an asteroid belt present in between Mars and Jupiter planets which contains innumerable asteroids.



Q: What are meteors??

A meteor.
Ans: Meteors are small objests which revolve in the space.These are comparitively very smaller objects than asteroids.There are meteors even of diameter 1 metre.Meteors are considered as "shooting stars".
                                                                                                             
It causes immense damge to the earth's surface if it hits the Earth's surface.


 




Visual Representation::




Q: What is a Comet??

Ans: Comets are the dusty snowy balls which consist of  frozen gases.When it passes nearer to the sun,it heats up and releases the dust particles and gases.

Comet


Halley's comet:

Halley's comet is the most known comet in the History of cosmology.This comet can be seen for every 76 years. It appeared last in 1986 and it will next appear in 2061.

                                                               Need More information.?? Stay tuned....

                                                                                                  - Bharath Kumar                   

Life Cycle of Stars.

Hello guys!
It's Abhishek!
I'm back with my information over "Blackholes"
Nebula
OK, first..
I'll go with the life cycle of a star..


1)Nebula : A star forms from a nebula.
A nebula is like a cloud of gases ( Mostly hydrogen ) and dust particles..

Nebula
2)Star : From a nebula, a star is born..
An average  star lives for about 7 Lakh to 8 Lakh years. Some stars tend to live a little over a million years.
The life force of a star (or) the fuel of a star is provided by nuclear fusion.

Sirius Dog Star.
3)Red Giant : After a few lakh years of turning into a star, it transforms into a Red Giant.
The size of a red giant can be about 100 times the size of a star.Sometimes, the size ranges to about 50,000 times the size of a star..
Red Giant's are very bright.About thousand to million times brighter than the star itself.
Red Giant

Red Giant
4) Red Dwarf : After a few million years, they turn into Red Dwarfs.. The huge Red Giant's shrink/contract into about 10 times smaller than our average sun..

5)White Dwarf : A white dwarf is hot but extremely small... A white dwarf is extremely dense.. The size of a white dwarf may be about the size of our earth but with a mass equal to that of the sun.

Red Dwarf,Star,Red Giant,Blue-white supergiant.
6)Supernova : Ah! The Supernova.. It's the explosion caused by the death of the stars.. Supernova's are extremely bright and extremely hot... A supernova will destroy a neighbouring solar system..

The remains of a supernova are either a blackhole or a neutron star.
Supernova
7)Neutron Star : Neutron stars are extremely extremely dense. They have the mass which is about 3 times the mass of our sun but with a diameter of about 20 kilometers.Neutron stars are formed after a supernova.
If the mass is greater than the required mass, the gravitational pull of the star will be extremely strong which will lead to a black hole.
Neutron Star

Neutron Star
8)Black hole : A black hole is formed after a massive star is dead.Black holes have insane gravitational pull.It's so high that not even light can escape them. Blackholes disturb the time-space around it and they're strong even to swallow massive stars.


Blackhole
Blackhole

Sunday 25 August 2013

What is Supernova??

Welcome back everyone.This is Bharath once again.In my previous post i gave a little glance about supernova.Now i'll go in detail about "SUPERNOVA"

                  Supernova is an explosion in the space and it causes when a Star bursts.They radiate Huge amount of energy ( Nearly 100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Joules).They radiate energy more than sun radiates in it's entire lifetime.After the supernova explosion,the star turns into either a neutron star or a Black hole.

Super nova Explosion


What are black holes???

Hello every one.This is Bharath kumar and this is my first post in the blog.
           Today,Lets know something about black hole.




Q: What is a black hole?? Ans:: Black hole is a dark blackish matter present in the space.It is considered as Vacuum cleaner of the universe because it swallows all the matter near to it by it's high gravitational pull.It's gravity is so high that even a light ray cannot escape from it.The very first experiment about black holes was done by Stephen Hawking.


Black hole


Q: How is this block hole formed in the space??Ans: Black hole takes it's origin after the death of a Star.(i.e When star stops burning).It is said that even our star will become a black hole(But it takes nearly 6 billion years to Become a black hole)









Q:What are the stages of a star to convert into a Black hole??

Ans: The very first stage of a star to it's way to black hole  is Red giant stage.The nuclear fuel in the Star gets sinked.The star forms into a huge red mass called as Red giant.
Red giant








White dwarf
When a star completely spends it's nuclear fuel it converts it white dwarf stage.During this stage the star looks in bright white colour.It's mass will be half of the mass of the star.The nearest white dwarf to the earth is Sirius B.In this stage the star starts cooling down.
                        






Neutron Star
After this white dwarf stage,the star completely degrades and it may form as Neutron star or diectly as Black hole.Sometimes Even supernova occurs and the star explodes and form neutron star or a black hole




Stay Tuned for more updates About the Black holes.And if you have any doubt,Feel free to comment...

                                                                                              -Bharath Kumar

Saturday 24 August 2013

Different galaxies and their names

As I already explained you in my previous post, Galaxies are a cluster of stars.. Immense number of stars form a galaxy.Our solar system comes under the Milky Way Galaxy. Our Milky Way Galaxy has around 100 billion to 400 billion stars. Our neighbouring Galaxy is the Andromeda Galaxy.

Andromeda Galaxy and Milky Way Galaxy!

Andromeda Galaxy

Our Milky Way Galaxy

What is galaxy??

Hello guys!
I'm the admin of the blog. I'm Abhishek Pokala.
I'm a cosmo-geek/cosmo-addict.
I love cosmology.
You've got doubts about the amazing cosmos? Make sure you ask the admins of the blog.
Thank You.

To start with my postings, I'll go with the basics..
Now, what're galaxies?
Galaxies are a cluster/group of stars..
Galaxies consist of mostly stars, gas and dust, dark matter..The word galaxy is derived from the Greek word galaxias.There are about 170 billion galaxies in the Universe.Probably more..Let's stick with 170 Billion for now.. So, now.. Number of stars in the Universe? 
That's way high.
Our little solar system is a part of "The Milky Way" Galaxy.Our Milky Way is a Spiral Galaxy.The Range of stars in The Milky Way is from 100 billion to 400 billion...Our Sun is one of the stars of the 100 billion to 400 billion stars..That's all for today..See ya, peeps.

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